List May 2023

'A more correct view of the theory of rent than ... Adam Smith‘

ANDERSON, James (1739-1808)
Observations on the means of exciting a spirit of national industry; chiefly intended to promote the agriculture, commerce, manufactures, and fisheries, of Scotland. In a series of letters to a friend.
Dublin, printed for S.Price, W. and H.Whitestone, J.Williams [etc.] 1779.
2 volumes. LXVII,325; [IV],424p., complete with both half titles. From the library of William Fortescue (?), with his bookplate on paste-downs (rudely removed in the second volume) and his name on the title of the first volume. Contemp. calf, backs with red and black labels, sides a bit scratched. A very nice set. (#23406)
€ 1250

First Irish edition. James Anderson was a Scottish gentleman farmer and author of several works on rural economy, the corn trade and similar subjects, but he is particularly credited for his (in the present work) anticipating the Ricardian theory of rent, the first clear formulation of the law of diminishing returns.
These volumes 'show clearly that Anderson had a more correct view of the theory of rent than his greater contemporary and compatriot Adam Smith. Rent, he says, is a premium for the cultivation of the richer soils, reducing the profits of the cultivators to an equality with those of the cultivators of the poorer' (James Bonar in Palgrave). 'The association of rent with decreasing returns which was to be one of the most characteristic features of the Ricardian system, was established by Anderson' (Schumpeter).
These volumes also contain one of the earliest criticisms of Adam Smith's Wealth of nations. In a Postscript to letter thirteenth (volume II, p.109-224) Anderson writes: 'I have seen the very ingenious treatise of Dr. Adam Smith on the nature and causes of the wealth of nations; and am sorry to find, that I have the misfortune to differ in opinion from an author of such extensive knowledge, and liberal sentiments, on a subject of so much real importance as that which is here treated of'. Schumpeter considered Anderson 'one of the most interesting English economists of the late eighteenth century ... he had to an unusual degree what so many economists lack, Vision'.
The first edition was published in Edinburgh in 1777.
*Kress B.170. Goldsmiths' 11772. Einaudi 117 (the first edition). Schumpeter p.263ff. Palgrave I,p.39-40 & III,p.287.

ASTON, Louise (1814-1871)
Aus dem Leben einer Frau.
Hamburg, Hoffmann und Campe 1847.
Small 8vo. VI, [2],155,[1 blank, 4 publ. advert.]p. Uncut and partly unopened in orig. printed gray wrappers. Upper wrapper, half-title and title a little soiled. (#39921)
€ 1750

First edition. A very rare autobiographical novel by this German feminist author, known for her radical opinions on the rights of women, democracy and sexuality. She was a republican and atheist and advocate of free love, she smoked cigars and dressed as a male. She considered marriage a form of prostitution, since for most women it was impossible to marry for love as they were economically dependent on their husbands. Many of her views were shared by other feminists, but only few openly expressed their opinions. Not surprisingly her free-spirited behaviour and her political opinions caused much outrage and she was called a whore and watched by the police.
The present novel reflects het own experiences as the daughter of an oppressive father, her marriage to a wealthy English industrialist in 1835 (forced by her father as she said) and her divorce in 1839. They married again and divorced a second time in 1844. She became befriended with the circle of the Young Hegelians, among whom was Max Stirner, but because of her openly expressed nonconformism she was forced to leave Berlin as ‘enemy of the state' in 1846.

BöHM-BAWERK, Eugen von (1851-1914)
Rechte und Verhältnisse vom Standpunkte der volkswirthschaftlichen Güterlehre. Kritische Studie.
Innsbruck, Verlag der Wagner'schen Universitaets-Buchhandlung 1881.
IV,153,[1]p. & errata-leaf. Contemp. calf-backed marbled boards, gilt back, spine ends damaged, label removed. Title with various stamps etc., else inside clean. (#23185)
€ 450

First edition. Böhm-Bawerk's first publication, based upon his doctoral dissertation of the previous year. The book gained him his fruitful professorhip in Innsbruck, a period that ended in 1889 with the publication of the second part of his magnum opus Positive theory of capital.
The author was described by Schumpeter as a man with ‘single-minded devotion to duty, complete disinterestedness, high intellectual endeavor, wide cultural interest and genuine simplicity - all of which was entirely free from sanctimoniousness or any propensity to preach'. A great deal of his life he spent as a civil servant in Austria, a minister of finance various times, but for the short period that he teached in Innsbruck he made a career as an academic economist that made him with Menger and Wieser the leading figure of the Austrian School of economics.
*Einaudi 574. Batson p.167. New Palgrave I,p.258. Schumpeter p.844ff.

CHAMOUSSET, Claude Humbert Piarron de (1717- 1754)
Oeuvres de M. de Chamousset, contenant ses projets d'humanité, de bienfaisance et de patriotisme; précédées de son éloge, dans lequel on trouve une analyse suivie de ses ouvrages; par M. l'abbé Cotton des-Houssayes.
Paris, de l'imprimerie de Ph.D.Pierres 1783.
2 volumes. [IV],8,CXL,366; [IV],376,[4]p. With folding table to volume 1 and 8 large folding tables at end of volume 2. Contemp. mottled calf, marbled endpapers and edges, volume labels gone, some wear. (#19610)
€ 1500

First edition thus. A collective edition of the author's memoirs on pauperism and the care for the poor and sick, partly hitherto unpublished. The author was one of the greatest philanthropists of the eighteenth century, admired by among others Rousseau and Voltaire. He is best known for his project of a ‘maison d'association', which has been recognized as an early example of a Friendly Society. It would guarantee each associated member all help needed in case of sickness or distress, not only for the poor and homeless, but also for those who are to rich for charity but can not afford home nursing.
The present volumes include several memoirs related to this project, on which he also spent a part of his fortune. Among the other memoirs are plans for the reform of the Hotel-Dieu in Paris, a ‘political memoir on the children' (with proposals for the colonization of Louisiana!), a plan for the management of the hospitals and the banishment of mendicancy, suggestions for better water and the promotion of public health, etc. etc.
Part of these pieces were published separately, but they are extremely difficult to find, and it seems nowadays almost impossible to get a complete collection.
*INED 1209 (this edition) and 3570/5 (separately issued pieces). Not in Kress (two separately issued pieces 6747 and S.4093). Not in Einaudi (a separately issued piece 4434). Granier 361. Higgs 1500 note. Coquelin & Guillaumin I,p.328. Lichtenberger p.327-9.

An early example of a Friendly Society

[CHAMOUSSET, Claude Humbert Piarron de (1717-1773)]
Plan d'une maison d'association, dans laquelle au moyen d'une somme très-modique chaque associé s'assurera dans l'état de maladie toutes les sortes de secours qu'on peut désirer. [Followed by:] Additions et elaircissemens au Plan d'une maison d'associaton ... [caption titles].
[No place, no publisher 1754].
2 parts. 4to. 15; 12p. Unbound. Outer margins a little damp stained. Tiny holes in inner margins. (#31002)
€ 450

First edition of both parts, very rare. A famous plan for the founding of an institution for the relief of the disabled, sick and poor people, based upon the principle of mutual benefit. This plan has been recognized as an early example of a Friendly Society.
'C'est le plus ancien projet de Piarron de Chamousset, qui a en vue non pas seulement les indigents, mais les malades de toutes conditions, particulièrement ceux (les isolés - célibataires, militaires, marchands, etc.) qui ne sont ni assez riches pour se faire soigner chez eux, ni assez pauvres pour les maisons de charité. Cet établissement ouvert à tous serait également proportionné à tous (différentes catégories de chambres, dortoirs), et les traitements seraient dispensés équitablement sans tenir compte de la somme allouée' (INED).
Chamousset was head of the Chambre des comptes, fysician and inventor - known as the initiator of the Petite Poste, a local postal service in Paris, He was also one of the greatest philanthropists of the eighteenth century, admired by among others Rousseau and Voltaire. He spent his fortune on projects for poor relief and medical care for the lower classes.
*Einaudi 4434. INED 3573 (the first part only). Not in Kress, Goldsmiths' or Granier.

[COURT, Johan de la (1622-1660)]
Consideratien van staat, ofte polityke weeg-schaal, waar in met veele, reedenen, omstandigheden, exempelen en fabulen werd ooverwoogen; welke forme der regeeringe, in speculatie geboud op de practijk, onder de menschen de beste zy. Beschreven door V.H. In deese derde editie naawkeurig ooversien, merkelik vermeerdert, en in veelen klaarder gestelt.
t'Amsterdam, voor Dirk Dirksz. 1662.
Small 8vo. [XXVIII],670p. With an engraved frontispiece and 2 folding plates. Contemp. overlapping vellum. Bookplate to front paste-down partly removed. A very nice copy. (#34586)
€ 750

Third edition, first published in 1660. A treatise on the best way of government in which the author sets out the merits and disadvantages of the various forms of government. He successively treats the monarchist governments of the Turkish empire and the European nations, the aristocratic republics of Venice, Genoa, Sparta and Rome, and the popular government of Athens.
The author concludes that the best form of government is an aristocracy, ‘very close to a popular government', excluding the ignorants, those who are subordinated to others (thus excluding women), and those who are unable to provide for themselves. The power is exercised by all economically independent citizens, in line with the actual situation in the Dutch Republic during the stadholdership of Johan de Witt.
Originally published in 1660 subsequent editions were, after the premature death of the author, published by Johan's brother and business partner Pieter, the author of the famous republican catechism Interest van Holland, who added much of his own.
The plates show ‘de Groote Raad van Venetien (Great Council of Venice)' and ‘de bussen die men gebruikt als men de stemmen wil aanvragen en vergaderen (the boxes that are used to request and collect the votes)'.
*Wildenberg 1033. Van de Klashorst 220. P.Geyl, Het stadhouderschap in de partij-literatuur onder De Witt, p.62.

[COURT, Pieter de la (1618-1685)]
Interest van Holland, ofte gronden van Hollands-welvaren. Aangewezen door V.D.H.
Amsterdam, Joan. Cyprianus vander Gracht 1662.
Small 8vo. [XVI],267,[5]p. Contemp. overlapping vellum. As often preceded by another work by the same author. (#16042)
€ 650

First edition, one of at least nine issues from the same year to which no priority has been assigned. The only Dutch economic 'bestseller', a renowned plea for commercial and industrial freedom. The work went through at least thirteen editions by 1746, including German, English and French translations. Contemporaries attributed it to John de Witt, which might not surprise considering the favourable attitude of the author towards much what was practice in the Dutch Republic during the seventeenth century.
*Wildenberg 1042. Carpenter III,1. Kress 1092.
Preceded by: [Pieter de la COURT] Historie der gravelike regering in Holland, beschreven door V.H... [Amsterdam 1662.] [XVI],264p. With fine engraved title-page. *Wildenberg 1052.

[COURT, Pieter de la (1618-1685)]
Aanwysing der heilsame politike gronden en maximen van de Republike van Holland en West-Vriesland.
Leiden & Rotterdam, Hakkens 1669.
4to. [XLIV],523,[1 errata]p. With engraved title. Contemp. overlapping vellum. A first blank with bibliographical annotations in a nineteenth-century hand. (#19083)
€ 750

First edition thus. A much enlarged edition of a famous plea for commercial and industrial freedom originally published (and several times reissued) in 1662 as a small volume with the title Interest van Holland. The True interest and political maxims of the Republick of Holland (the title of the English edition) expresses much of the ideological background of the Dutch Republic in the seventeenth century.
The book was translated into German, French (as Mémoires de Jean de Witt!) and English (... by John de Witt!), apparently not without success because these translations too went through several editions, even in the eighteenth century.
*Wildenberg 1111. Knuttel, Verboden boeken 4. Carpenter, The economic bestsellers before 1850 6. Goldsmiths'-Kress 01895.1.
Bound with: Pieter de HUYBERT (1622-1697) Apologie tegens de algemeene, en onbepaelde vryheyd, voor de oude Hollandsche regeeringe ... Middelburg, Karel de Vrye 1669. 127p.

ENGELS, Friedrich (1820-1895)
Herrn Eugen Dühring's Umwälzung der Wissenschaft. Philosophie. Politische Oekonomie. Sozialismus.
Leipzig, Druck und Verlag der Genossenschafts-Buchdruckerei [1877]-78.
VIII,274p. Title-page and last leaf loose, title-leaf frayed, binding badly damaged. (#23296)
€ 4500

First edition. Usually remembered as the Anti-Dühring this is a comprehensive exposition of Marxist views on philosophy and economics and next to Marx's Kapital the most important book on Marxist theory. Engels here opposes the views of Eugen Dühring (1833-1921), a socialist yet strong opponent of Marxism, and notorious antisemite.
The first part (p.1-120) had already appeared in 1877; when the second part including Engels' preface appeared the next year it was added to the first part with the preface bound before the first part. Parts of it appeared earlier as articles in the journal Vorwärts.
*Erstdrucke p.39 and 41. Rubel 76.

FAURE, Philippe (1823-1856)
Journal d‘un combattant de Février. Précédé d'un fragment sur l'auteur, par Pierre Leroux, et des discours prononcés sur la tombe de Philippe Faure; suivi de notes historiques et de témoignages de la main de Lamennais, de Madame Adèle Victor Hugo, de Victor Hugo, de Louis Blanc, de Kossuth, de Ledru-Rollin, de Saffi, de Herzen, de Berjeau, de Greppo, de Bru, de J.Harney, d'Alphonse Bianchi, d'Alfred Talandier, et d'autres amis de Philippe Faure. Publié à Jersey par Auguste Desmoulins.
Jersey, C. Le Feuvre 1859.
VIII,256p. Conemp. half calf, gilt back, marbled sides, endpapers and edges. Name on half-title. Foxing to first and last leaves. (#32383)
€ 350

First (only) edition. A day-by-day account of the revolution of February 1848 written in the form of letters to the journal L'Eclaireur du Centre. Philippe Faure was a socialist journalist and close friend of Pierre Leroux and a moderate supporter of the revolution. It was annotated by his other friend Auguste Desmoulins (1823-1891), son-in-law of Pierre Leroux. After the revolution he took refuge in Jersey where he kept close contact with a.o. Victor Hugo and died at an early age.
*Maitron II, p.172-173 (Faure) and II, p.75-76 (Desmoulins).

FAYOL, Henri (1841-1925)
Administration industrielle et générale. Prévoyance, organisation, commandement, coordination, controle. Extrait du Bulletin de la Société de l'industrie minérale (3e livraison de 1916).
Paris, H.Dunod et E.Pinat 1917.
174p. With 2 coloured tables (1 folding). Orig. printed wrappers. (#40499)
€ 750

Henri Fayol was a French mining engineer, credited with having developed a theory of management independently of Frederick Winslow Taylor's theory of scientific management. Fayolism has been defined as ‘a theory of management that analyzed and synthesized the role of management in organizations'.
A second edition appeared 1920. It was not before 1949 that his work beame more generally known with the English translation of this his major publication General and industrial administration.

FEUERBACH, Ludwig (1804-1872)
Pierre Bayle, nach seinen für die Geschichte der Philosophie und Menschheit interessantesten Momenten. Bound with: Ueber Philosophie und Christenthum, in Beziehung auf den der Hegel'schen Philosophie gemachten Vorwurf der Unchristlichkeit.
Ansbach, Druck und Verlag von G.Brügel 1838 & Mannheim, Gedruckt in der Hoff & Heuser'schen Buchdruckerei 1839.
2 works in 1 volume. VI,259,[1]; XVI,86p. Contemp. embossed green cloth, back worn. Three old owner's entries on front enpapers. Mildly browned as may be expected. (#28946)
€ 350
First edition of both works. Two of Feuerbach's earliest books in which he held that he had proven ‘that

Christianity has in fact long vanished not only from the reason but from the life of mankind, that it is nothing more than a fixed idea'.

FEUERBACH, Ludwig (1804-1872)
Ueber Philosophie und Christenthum, in Beziehung auf den der Hegel'schen Philosophie gemachten Vorwurf der Unchristlichkeit.
Mannheim, Gedruckt in der Hoff & Heufer'schen Buchdruckerei 1839.
XVI,86p. Contemp. half cloth. Yellowed, name on front free endpaper. (#28943)
€ 300

First edition. This was partly published previously as contributions to the Hallische Jahrbücher, banned by the censors after two episodes. It is Feuerbach's last work defending Hegel against the ‘fanatical heretics of all rational activity'. It appeared two years before his magnum opus Das Wesen des Christenthums and seemed to have anticipated Nietzsche's God is dead theory: ‘Christianity has in fact long vanished not only from the reason but from the life of mankind, that it is nothing more than a fixed idea'.

Formosa.
Report on the control of the aborigines in Formosa. [At head:] Government of Formosa.
Taihoku, Formosa, Bureau of Aboriginal Affairs 1911.
[IV],IV,45 p. text including 4 tables, 100 photographic plates, a double-page coloured ethnological map, 2 large folding coloured maps of North and South Formosa and 3 coloured diagrams. Orig. embossed green cloth. Cancelled library stamp on title verso, red Japanese stamp on p.I. (#21435)
€ 500

First (only) edition of this rare report on the native population of Formosa, occupied by the Japanese since 1895. It supplies ample information about the various tribes, ‘most are wild ... beside these, there are semi-civilized savages ...'

GEULINCX, Arnold (1624-1669)
Gnothi seauton [in Greek type], sive ethica, post tristia auctoris fata omnibus suis partibus in lucem edita, & tam seculi hujus, quam Atheorum quorundam philosophorum impietati, scelestisque moribus, quanquam specioso ut plurimum virtutis praetextu larvatis, opposita, per Philarethum. Cui accessit clariss. Cornelii Bontekoe eruditissimus & utilissimus libellus de Passionibus animae, cum gemina serie rerum, quae utrobique tractantur, per Joh. Flenderum ... Editio ultima, ab eodem à mendis amplius centum accuratissimè emendata. [Second part with own title page without imprint:] Cornelii BONTEKOE, Tractatus ethico-physicus de animi & corporis passionibus ...
Amstelodami [Amsterdam], Janssonio-Waesbergios 1709.
2 parts in 1 volume. 12mo. [XXXII],437,[1 blank], [VIII],110,[9]p. With engraved frontispiece. Contemp. overlapping vellum. Frontispiece with folds, repair to outer margin and faint offsetting from red lacquer to front free endpaper, tiny repair to printed title. (#32746)
€ 1500

Third edition. First published posthumously by Bontekoe in 1675 with a second edition in 1696. Geulincx was educated in Louvain and there appointed professor of philosophy in 1646, and moved to Leiden in 1658. Geulincx developed an occasionalist philosophy out of Cartesian principles, and many contemporary and modern scholars have pointed out the similarities between his and Spinoza's ethics. Even in one of the laudatory poems in the first edition of this - published two years before Spinoza's Ethica - both authors are compared: ‘Frustra hic Spinosae quaeras molimina mentis'.

GRAUMAN, Johan Philip [GRAUMANN, Johann Philipp] (1690-1762)
Het licht des koopmans ...
t'Amsteldam, by de erven van J.Ratelband 1737.
4to (24,5 x 19,5 cm). [XXXIV],319,[1 blank],23,[1 blank],127,[1 errata]p. Uncut in nineteenth-century plain vellum-backed marbled boards. Modern book plate. Printed on heavy paper. (#21449)
€ 750

First (only) edition. The long title does not fully reflects the contents of this work. It includes tables for exchange rates (‘Vergelyking der wissel-courssen') between Amsterdam and the various commercial cities of Europe (p.1-300), preceded by an instruction for the use of these tables (‘Instructie van ‘t gebruik der tafelen') (p.XVII-XXXIV). Then follows ‘Konstige machinen of rekenkundige werktuigen, in de wissel-handel' (p.301-319). The following part is ‘Bericht van de munten en wissel-handel, in de voornaamste koopsteden van Europa' (23p.), followed by ‘Uitvoerig bericht, van al het geene, dat by deze universaal-regels voornamentlyk moet in acht genomen worden, waar op de basis of de grondslag van dit geheele werk rust' (120p.), followed by an index to the complete work.
The author was one of the greatest monetary theorist of his time in Germany, credited with the successful reform of the monetary system in Brunswick and Prussia. He published an important treatise on the currency system and the circulation of money, in fact a theoretical plan for devaluation, in 1749 (Abdruck von einem Schreiben, die Deutsche und anderer Völcker Münz-Verfassung betreffend). At the time of publication of the present work Graumann lived in Amsterdam, working for the main Amsterdam merchant houses. A French translation of this (Le guide du negocint) appeared 1740, a German translation (Licht des Kaufmans) 1754.
*Kress 4337. Bierens de Haan 1796 (erroneously dating it 1749). EHB 383. Not in Goldsmiths'.

[GRAUMANN, Johann Philipp (1690-1762)]
Vernünftige Vertheidigung des Schreibens die teutsche und anderer Völker Münz-Verfassung betreffend, der so genanten gründlichen Prüfung desselben entgegen gesetzet. Nebst einem Anhange, worin die in der Erfahrung gegründete Ursachen von dem Steigen und Fallen des Gold- und Silber-Preises, und dem darauf sich gründenden Steigen und Fallen des Wechsel-Courses abgehandelt werden.
Berlin, Christian Friderich Voss 1752.
4to. [VIII],63,[1]p. Contemp. cream boards, back with ms. title. Stamp on verso of title ('ex bibliotheca fideicomm. Ernestii Aug'), old ms. library entries on first paste-down and free endpaper. An attractive copy. (#28970)
€ 450

First (only) edition. Graumann has been recognized as the greatest monetary theorist of his time in Germany, credited with the successful reform of the monetary system in Brunswick and Prussia. He published an important treatise on the currency system and the circulation of money, in fact a theoretical plan for devaluation, in 1749 (Abdruck von einem Schreiben, die Deutsche und anderer Völcker Münz-Verfassung betreffend). This was criticized by the Hannover merchant Julius Melchior Strube in 1751 and in the present volume Graumann replies to this criticism. Much rarer than the author's earlier work.
*Kress S.3920. Humpert 11102. Masui p.802.

GUARNIERI, Paolo Emilio.
Dell'impiegar la gente dissertazione.
In Verona, per gli eredi di Marco Moroni 1784.
XXIII,[1 blank],122,[2 errata]p. With an engraved title-page with medallion with the portraits of the author and the dedicatee within a decorate border, by Gergli (del) and Dion Valesi (inc). Uncut in contemp. limp boards, back worn. Modern bookplae to front paste-down. A very fresh copy. (#38946)
€ 1450

First edition, very rare. On employment is a plea for popular education and greater freedom of commerce, enabling the poor and unemployed to free them from dependence and misery. The author, architect and philosopher, was well acquainted with foreign enlightened writers, referring to a.o. Hume, Locke, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Vauban, Raynal and Ange Goudar.
With a long dedication to Francesco Griselini, Venetian naturalist, agronomist and enlightened philosopher and reformer.
*Not in Kress, Goldsmiths', Einaudi or Mattioli. There are 4 copies in Italian libraries, and WorldCat locates a single copy only outside Italy (Sistema Bibliotecario Ticinese, Lugano).

Presentation copy for Walter Eucken

HAYEK, Friedrich August von (1899-1992)
Individualism and economic order.
Chicago, University of Chicago Press [1948].
VII,[1],271,[1]p. Orig. blue cloth, back lettered gilt. Presentation copy inscribed on the half-title ‘Professor W. Eucken/ mit den freundlichsten Grüssen/ F.A.Hayek' (#24069)
€ 3500

First edition. A collection of 12 essays which ‘range from dscussions of moral philosophy to the methods of the social sciences and from problems of economic policy to pure economic theory', mostly published previously in various journals.
Walter Eucken (1891-1950) was professor of economics in Freiburg from 1927 until his death. His work ‘marks the return to (neo)classical theory in German economics after the dominance of the Historical School'. He was a fierce opponent of the Nazis and after the war his ‘theories influenced the reforms that are said to have set the stage for the Wirtschaftswunder'.
*Gray/Cody & Ostrem B-7.

HEGEL, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770-1831)
System der Wissenschaft. Erster Theil, die Phänomenologie des Geistes.
Bamberg und Würzburg, bey Joseph Anton Goebhardt 1807.
[VIII],XCI,[3 errata],765,[1],[2 advert.]p. Contemp. boards, red sprinkled edges, back with ms. label. Stamp on title, cancellation on verso. Small closed tear in inner margin of p.13/14 not affecting text, small contemp. annotations in lower margin of five pages, the last a poem by Schiller. A very nice copy. Provenance: Dr Wilibald Grimm (1807-1891), a German Protestant theologian at the University of Jena, with his name on front paste down dated 1841, stamps from the ‘Landeskirchliche Bücherei Hamburg', and modern bookplate of J[acques] A[ttali] (1943-), French economist, writer, and senior civil servant, to front free endpaper. (#29531)
€ 6000

First edition, the only part published. The phenomenology of spirit (or The phenomenology of mind) is Hegel's first major philosophical and most widely discussed work. It exercised an influence on modern philosophy that can hardly be overestimated.

'It is the principle here that it is not essential that the people are in large numbers, but that it is of capital importance that they are happy‘

[JAUNEZ-SPONVILLE, Pierre Ignace (1750-1805)] & Nicolas BUGNET (1749-1822)
La philosophie du Ruvarebohni, pays dont la découverte semble d'un grand intérêt pour l'homme, ou récit dialogué des moyens par lequels les Ruvareheuxis, habitans de ce pays, ont été conduits au vrai et solide bonheur; par feu P. J. J.S** et Nicolas Bugnet. [As usual followed by:] Nicolas BUGNET, Catéchisme social ou exposition familière des principes posés par feu M. P. I. J.** S.**, dans un ouvrage inédit, auquel il est donné pour titre: Recherches sur la nature des êtres sensibles.
[Paris], de l'imprimerie de Le Normant [1809]-08.
3 volumes in 2. 12mo. VIII,9-283; 222,[5], 6,11-72,[4 errata],4[publ.cat.]. Contemp. half calf, backs richly gilt decorated, marbled sides and edges. Bookplate (‘F. Lachèvre') to front pastedown of first volume with some annotations. (#32367)
€ 6500

First edition. Very rare since most copies were seized and destroyed by the police, with only two copies located in WorldCat.
The most famous utopia of the Napoleontic era. It is however not only an imaginary voyage but also a political attack against France (‘Narcef'), the French (‘Inarçafs') and Napoleon (‘Ponelano'). It is written in the form of a dialogue between an inhabitant of an unidentified country named Ruvarebohni (an anagram of ‘Vrai bonheur') and a foreign visitor. It contains numerous ideas that foreshadowed those of the utopian socialists of the following decades.
The second work, Bugnet's Catéchisme, occupies the second half of the second volume and has an own title-page and pagination. The publisher's name appears only on the verso of the title of the first work. The second work has the publisher's name on title, it had been published separately already in 1808. The next year Bugnet finished the whole work after the manuscripts left by his close friend Jaunez-Sponville.
A new edition appeared 1881 edited by Carle de Rash (pseud. for Charles Read) ‘d'après un exemplaire échappé au pilon de la Haute Police Impériale'. The absence of the two leaves (p.7-10) from the second work is correct and explained in the errata.
*INED 2353. Maitron II,p.375. WorldCat locates copies in the BnF and BL only.

KEIJZER, Salomo (1823-1868)
Onze tijd in Indië. Beschreven in bundels. [Subtitle:] De bedevaart naar Mekka.
‘S Gravenhage, H.C.Susan 1860.
Large 8vo (28 x 19 cm). VI,[2],9-191,[1]p. With 6 coloured lithographed plates by C.W.Mieling. Orig. embossed cloth. (#13068)
€ 900

First edition, rare. A detailed description of the pilgrimage to Mecca and Medina by the islamic inhabitants of the Dutch East Indies.
A second edition with the more correct title De bedevaart der inlanders naar Mekka. Volledige beschrijving van alles wat op de bedevaart en de bedevaart-gangers uit Nederlandsch-Indië betrekking heeft appeared 1871.
The author was professor of law at the Royal Academy in Delft, one of the first Jewish professors in the Netherlands. He was specialized in Islamic and native Indonesian law and history, translator of the Koran and author of a manual of Islamic law.
*Landwehr, Studies in Dutch books with coloured plates 332.

'Rarely does a single volume combine in itself so much economic interest and so many bibliographical puzzles'

Law, John. - [GREAT MIRROR OF FOLLY]
Het groote tafereel der dwaasheid, vertoonende de opkomst, voortgang en ondergang der actie, bubbel en windnegotie, in Vrankryk, Engeland, en de Nederlanden, gepleegt in den jaare MDCCXX ... Gedrukt tot waarschouwinge voor de nakomelingen, in 't noodlottige jaar, voor veel zotte en wyze 1720.
[Amsterdam 1720.]
Folio. Title (in first state) and 5 text-parts: [II]; 25,[1]; 52; 26,29-31 (thus complete); [8]; 10p. With 75 partly folding and/or double-page plates. Contemp. half calf, gilt back with red label, spine ends and corners neatly restored, boards rubbed. Some light foxing mostly to blank margins only. A very good copy. (#15846)
€ 5500

A renowned monument for the speculative mania of 1720: The great mirror of folly, showing the rise, progress, and downfall of the bubble in stocks and windy speculation in France, England, and the Netherlands in the year 1720. It constitutes a collection of mostly satirical plates on the operations of John Law in France and the South Sea Bubble in England, together with the text of the charters of speculative companies in Holland and a number of satyrical plays and comedies published during the bubble.
The bibliographical details of this volume are notoriously complicated; they have been amply studied by Muller and Cole. Neither the publisher nor the exact date of publication are known, most likely it was issued over a period of several years. Copies are made up of a variable number of plates and parts of printed text, probably according to the actual availability of the various leaves, and hence no two copies of the book are exactly the same. Muller and Cole count 74 'regular' plates, as well as some 25 plates that are included only occasionally. Most copies have the majority (but rarely all) of the regular and a few of the supplementary plates. 'Rarely does a single volume combine in itself so much economic interest and so many bibliographical puzzles' (A.H.Cole).
The first text-part reprints the charters of some 30 speculative Companies of commerce, navigation and assurance established or at least projected in Holland between June and October 1720. The following parts contain comedies and poetry published during the mania, an explanation of the large print with playing cards known as April-kaart, and four Letters on the stock-jobbery.
The present copy has the regular plates 1-26, 28-63 and 65-74, as well as the supplementary plates 1 (listing 74 prints) and 11, and one plate not mentioned by Cole; plates 12, 17, 22, 46 and 65 are in second state. These plates include the map of the canal from Utrecht to the Zuiderzee (6), the double-page True picture of the wind-trade of the rue Quinquempoix in the year 1720 (16), the double-page folding plate with playing cards known as Aprilkaart (65), and both the rare Magic cards (73 and 74).

LEPORIZZI, Galliano.
Metodo pratico per ragguagliare i cambj di tutte le piazze d'Europa all' uso degli scrittorj dei banchieri, o sieno negozianti di cambj. Edizione seconda.
Venezia, apppresso Gio: Battista Novelli 1766.
Folio (34 x 22 cm). [VIII],244p. Contemp. vellum, rubbed and little worn, back renewed, red sprinkled edges. (#24379)
€ 750
Second edition. A manual for the calculation of exchange rates between all major European cities. Written

for the use of bankers and money changers by a Venice merchant. First published the previous year with a third edition in 1768.
*Goldsmiths' 10116 (1765). Riccardi I/2,c.33 (1765). Not in Kress, Einaudi or Mattioli.

MARPERGER, Paul Jacob (1656-1730)
Schlesischer Kauffmann, oder: ausführliche Beschreibung der Schlesischen Commercien, und deren ietzigen Zustandes; sonderlich wie des Hertzogthums Ober- und Nieder-Schlesiens vortreffliche Situation ... ein grosses zu deren Auffnahm contribuiren, und noch fernerhin beytragen könnten. Wobey zugleich auch die wahre Beschaffenheit der Oder-Fahrt ... wie auch ein vollkommener Unterricht von den Schlesischen Müntzen, Maassen, und Gewichten ... mit beygefüget wird.
Breslau und Leipzig, Michael Hubert 1714.
Small 8vo. [XXIV],711p. Modern half vellum, red edges. Title printed in red and black. (#33783)
€ 2250

First (only) edition. An exhaustive description of Silesian commerce, including chapters on its geography, government, natural resources, mining, the trade in flax, yarn, canvas, wool, leather, salt, tobacco, etc., its weights and measures, currency exchange, trade fairs, customs, traffic, etc.
*Kress S.2669. Humpert 329.

MARPERGER, Paul Jacob (1656-1730)
Trifolium mercantile aureum, oder dreyfaches güldenes Klee-Blat der werthen Kauffmannschafft, bestehend: 1) In des Autoris seinen wohlgemeynten Vorschlag von einer neu zu eröffnenden Kauffmanns-Academie. 2) Einem vollständigen Collegio über die Wissenschafft der Commercien, und 3) Einer lehrreichen mechanischen Werck-Schul ...
Dresden und Leipzig, in Verlegung des Autoris 1723.
Small 8vo. [XIV],343[i.e. 345, p.142/143 twice],[15]p. With an engraved frontispiece. Recent decorated boards, back with gilt green label. (#20366)
€ 1250

First (only) edition. A project for the establishment of institutions for the education of children and adults for technical and commercial professions. A rare volume by this prolific author of works on commerce and trade.
‘In it, he sketched out his "well-intended suggestions" for opening a merchant academy, a commercial college (also referred to as a Mercantilische Informations-Collegium) and a variety of mechanical work schools in Saxony. His suggestions hinged upon a diagnosis of the problems currently besetting the existing educational establishment, which Marperger insisted were many. Opportunities to learn about Commercia, or commercial wares and things, did not exist at universities. Throughout Saxony, merchants, mechanics and handworkers were treated as foreigners, their expertise unappreciated, not to mention the fact that they tended to know very little about the commercial theories underlying the professions they practised ... The Trifolium contained a kind of early blueprint for elaborated training programmes for young miners, mechanics, engineers or other "artisanal experts"' (Kelly J. Whitmer, Projects and pedagogical expectations: Inside P. J. Marperger's ‘golden clover leaf' (Trifolium), 1700–1730).
*Kress S.3093. Humpert 5245. There were reprints of this in 1990 and 1997.

MARX, Karl (1818-1883)
Das Kapital. Kritik der politischen Oekonomie. Herausgegeben von Friedrich Engels.
Hamburg, Otto Meissners Verlag 1903-1904.
3 volumes in 4. Orig. half calf, backs richly gilt, marbled sides, orange endpapers, marbled edges. Bookplate to front paste-downs, old signature in lower outer corner and a very small number in upper corner of front of free endpapers. An attractive set. (#30988)
€ 750

Erster Band. Buch I: Der Produktionsprocess des Kapitals. Fünfte Auflage.
Zweiter Band. Buch II: Der Cirkulationsprocess des Kapitals. Dritte Auflage.
Dritter Band, erster [und] zweiter Theil. Buch III: Der Gesammtprocess der kapitalistischen Produktion. Zweite Auflage.

MARX, Karl (1818-1883)
Kapitaal en arbeid. Bewerkt door F.Domela Nieuwenhuis.
‘s Hage, gedrukt bij Liebers & Co [upper wrapper: Gravenhage, Liebers & Co., 1881].
VIII,87p. Orig. red printed boards, damaged at back and loosening. (#17890)
€ 750

Second edition, first printed earlier the same year. The first appearance of Das Kapital in Dutch, though in a very concise form. Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis (1846-1919), a theologian by education, was the major founder of the Dutch socialist movement and the first socialist member of the Dutch parliament. By the end of the century he became disappointed in state socialism and parliamentarism and for the rest of his life propagated social-anarchism and atheism.
Though Marx showed his appreciation for the present volume, his annotations in a copy presented to him were highly critical. It nevertheless acquired international fame with translations into German (published in New York 1887), Danish (1888, and again 1897 and 1904 ), Swedish (1906) and Norwegian (1920)
A genuine translation of (the first nine chapters of) the first volume, translated by the Dutch Marxist Franc van der Goes, did not appear before 1901. A complete Dutch translation of the first volume was published in 1910.
This second edition differs from the first in number of pages (the first counting VIII,82 pages) and the imprint. It is also printed on slightly better paper.
G.Nabrink, Bibliografie van, over en in verband met Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis, p.48, 98.2.

MARX, Karl (1818-1883)
Salaires, prix, profits. Traduction par Charles Longuet.
Paris, V.Giard & E.Brière 1899.
Small 8vo. 104p. Orig. printed yellow wrappers, somewhat stained, back damaged. Signature in corner of first text page. (#24910)
€ 125

First separate French edition, translated after the German edition of 1889. Lectures delivered at the General Council of the International Workingmen's Association on 20 and 27 June 1865 with the title Wages, price and profit. It was first published in a German translation by Eduard Bernstein in the Neue Zeit of 1889, with the title Lohn, Preis und Profit. It first appeared in book form in 1898, edited by Eleanor Marx and Edward Aveling after the English manuscript, with the title Value, price and profit.
*Rubel 625. Draper 971.

MARX, Karl (1818-1883)
Kritika nekotorykh polozhenii politicheskoi ekonomii. (Zur Kritik der politischen Oekonomie.) Perevod s nemetskogo P.P.Rumyantsev. Pod redaktsionnyy [i s predisloviyem] A.A.Manuilov. [At head:] Izdanie Vladimira Bonch-Bruevicha.
Moskva, tipografiya E.Lissnera i Y.Romana 1896.
XII,[IV],16p. Somewhat later half green cloth, mabled boards, back label removed. Name on title, dated Moscow 1930. (#13205)
€ 2750

First Russian edition, second issue (?). This Russian translation was the first into any language. A French edition (Critique de l'économie politique) was published in 1899, an English translation followed not before 1904. It was Marx's first attempt at a draft for a comprehensive theory of the capitalist economy, and he himself described Das Kapital of 1867 as a continuation of it.
It was edited with a preface by Alexander Appolonovich Manuilov (1861-1929), a Russian economist and politician, one of the founding members of the Constitutional Democratic Party and rector of Moscow State University between 1908 and 1911. He was appointed minister of education in the First Provisional Government and after the Bolshevik revolution a director of the Russian State Bank (Gosbank).
There are two issues of this, both have Vladimira Bonch-Bruevicha as publisher at head of the title, both are dated 1896 and have the same collation. The present issue has Lissnera and Romana, another issue has V.S.Traugot as printer at the bottom of the title. The present issue has on the verso of the title a notice from the censor dated 13 April 1896, in the Traugot issue it is dated 20 December 1895. WorldCat records quite a number of copies of the present, but only two of the Traugot issue (UB Freiburg and SB Berlin).
*Rubel 529.

MILL, John Stuart (1806-1873)
Principles of political economy with some of their applications to social philosophy.
London, John W.Parker 1848.
2 volumes. XVI,593,[3],[4 adv.]; XV,549,[1],[2 adv.]p. Orig. ribbed cloth, faint spotting to backs, printed labels chipped. Small old signature on title of both volumes. (#16342)
€ 6500

First edition. Mill's magnum opus, the last great synthesis of classical political economy. Though it has been stated that it has not added much new to economic analysis it yet remained the major text book on economics for decades and has exercised profound influence on modern English and foreign economic theory.
*Kress C.7500. Einaudi 3907. MacMinn p.69.

MILL, John Stuart (1806-1873)
J. Stuart Mill's staathuishoudkunde, door Mr. Jacques Oppenheim, secretaris der gemeente Groningen.
Groningen, J.B.Wolters 1875-76.
2 volumes. [IV],459; [IV],464p. Contemp. half calf, backs richly gilt, marbled endpapers, minor defect at top of upper joint of volume 2. Stamp and library marking to titles, same stamp on a few other pages. (#21767)
€ 750

First Dutch edition. Despite its misty title page this is virtually a translation of Mill's seminal Principles of political economy. The translator Jacques Oppenheim (1849-1924) was at the time secretary of the city of Groningen and in 1885 became professor of law at the University of Groningen. He was an authority in the field of administrative law and became also known for his many merits for the Jewish community. This seems to be his only contribution to economics.
*BWN I,p.434. Butter p.151,18.

MONTESQUIEU, Charles Louis de Secondat de (1689-1755)
De l'esprit des loix, ou du rapport que les loix doivent avoir avec la constitution de chaque gouvernement, les moeurs, le climat, la religion, le commerce, &c. A quoi l'auteur a ajouté des recherches nouvelles sur les loix romaines touchant les successions, sur les loix françoises & sur les loix féodales.
A Leyde, chez les Libraires Associés 1749.
2 volumes in 1. 4to. VIII,[XVI],369, [II],396[misnumbered 306],[14 index & errata]p. Contemp. calf, gilt back with label, marbled endpapers, red edges. ‘JRB' in ink to title. Occasionally some light foxing but a fine copy. (#31088)
€ 750

NACHOD, Oskar (1858-1933)
Die Beziehungen der Niederländischen Ostindischen Kompagnie zu Japan im siebzehnten Jahrhundert.
Leipzig, Rob. Friese Sep.-Cto 1897.
XXXIV,444,CCX,[1]p. Contemp. half cloth, back lettered gilt, marbled sides. Vague remainders of a label on the back, stamp on front free endpaper only. (#19336)
€ 350

Nederlands-Indie contra Japan.
Nederlands-Indie contra Japan. Stafwerk in opdracht van wijlen Z.E. Generaal S.H.Spoor, commandant van het leger in Indonesië. Samengesteld door de Krijgsgeschiedkundige Sectie van het Hoofdkwartier van de Generale Staf K.N.I.L.
[Bandoeng-'s-Gravenhage 1949-61.]
7 volumes. With plates and numerous folding maps, mostly loosely inserted at end. Orig. cloth, very light wear to spine ends. With English summaries. Avec extraits français. (#16548)
€ 600

A fine, complete set of a detailed military history of the Japanese conquest of the Dutch East Indies in 1941-42.
1. Voorspel. Invloed van de oorlog 1914-1918 op sterkte, samenstelling en bewapening van het Koninklijk Nederlands-Indische Leger in de periode 1918-1940. 2. Nederlands-Indië na de overweldiging van Nederland tot het uitbreken van de oorlog met Japan. 3. Overzicht van de na het uitbreken van de oorlog met Japan in de Z.W. Pacific gevoerde strijd. 4. De verrichtingen van de militaire luchtvaart bij de strijd tegen de Japanners in en om de Nederlands-Indische archipel, in samenwerking met de bondgenootschappelijke luchtstrijdkrachten. 5. De strijd op Borneo en op Celebes. 6. De strijd op Ambon, Timor en Sumatra. 7. De strijd op Java.

PAGE, Pierre François (1764-1805)
Traité d'économie politique et de commerce des colonies.
A Paris, chez Brochot An IX-An X [1800-02].
2 volumes. [VIII],XVIII,356,[1 errata, in facsimile]; XIII,[1],431p. With 10 folding tables. Contemp. calf, backs richly gilt with 2 labels, sides with gilt line borders, marbled endpapers. Half-title of first volume with tiny paper flaw. (#23231)
€ 2000

First edition. An important treatise on the commerce, trade and population of the French, English and Spanish colonies in America, Africa, Asia ans Australia. The author proposes a reorganization of the colonies and to develop its agricultural colonies in Africa, which would reduce the slave trade. Trafficking cannot compensate for the decrease in population in the Antilles, where black mortality is very high. It would be more logical to use blacks in their own country, therefore to establish colonies in Africa, than to transplant them at such great cost.
The second volume is entirely devoted to Saint Domingo, where the author was appointed commissioner of the colony in 1791. It is lacking in many sets.
*INED 3442. Kress B.4429 (first volume only). Sabin 58158 (first volume only). Martin & Walter 26281.

Birth control!

PLACE, Francis (1771-1854)
Illustrations and proofs of the principle of population: including an examination of the proposed remedies of Mr. Malthus, and a reply to the objections of Mr. Godwin and others.
London, printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown 1822.
XV,[1 blank],280p. Contemp. half calf, expertly rebacked and recornered, gilt back with red label, green sprinkled edges. Title with a few brown spots and some vague soiling, a few brown spots on just a few other leaves. (#34143)
€ 2750

First edition. An important contribution to population theory, with outspoken advocacy of birth control. It was provoked by William Godwin's second reply to Malthus. ‘More sanguine than Malthus about the reform of institutions, he rejected Godwin's inconsistency and naivité. His defence of Malthusian principles and methods testifies to his own faith in individual effort and to the improvements in civilization he witnessed in his lifetime.'
‘Place lays great stress on the misery, poverty, and crime which so frequently result from large families; and insists that it should be clearly pointed out to the poor that the market can be overstocked with labour; that this caused the low rate of wages; that misery and poverty follow indiscretion; and that by voluntary restriction of families, the supply of labour might be brought rather under the demand.'
This is the author's only contribution to economic literature. Place was a radical reformer, friends with James Mill and Jeremy Bentham. He drafted the People's Charter in 1838, though he took no part in the later more extreme phase of Chartism, and greatly contributed to the legalization of trade unions.
*Kress C.943. Goldsmiths' 23493. Einaudi 4458. Not in Mattioli. Palgrave III,p.112. New Palgrave III, p.879.

A major contribution to the theory of probability

POISSON, Siméon Denis (1781-1840)
Recherches sur la probabilité des jugements en matière criminelle et en matière civile, précédées des règles générales du calcul des probabilités.
Paris, Bachelier, 1837.
4to. [IV],IX,[3],415p. Contemp. boards, back with green label, rubbed. Some foxing throughout. (#34445)
€ 1000

First edition. Poisson's Research on the probability of judgments in criminal and civil matters is his major contribution to the theory of probability. Poisson was the principal successor to Laplace and he largely followed the latter's position. He is now best remembered for his emphasis to the 'law of large numbers', now called Poisson distribution.
*Stigler p.182-194.

Publicole françois.
Le publicole françois, ou memoire sur les moyens d'augmenter la richesse du prince par l'aisance des peuples.
A Paris, chez Morin au palais royal 1776.
12mo. [II],272,[2]p. With an engraved title. Contemp. calf, back richly gilt, red edges, marbled endpapers. Fine copy. (#37759)
€ 1250

First (only) edition. An anonymous analysis of the ideas of Sully, who had stressed the importance of agriculture, of Richelieu, who had neglected commerce and was chiefly interested in military power, and of Colbert, who had eased taxation and strongly promoted commerce. The author compares the economic conditions of France, Holland and England and concludes that despite its potential France was the least powerful. The author strongly stresses the importance of agriculture as the source of all prosperity and adds suggestions to advance agricultural and industrial production, with emphasis on the textile industry.
*INED 4738. Goldsmiths` 11388. Not in Kress, Einaudi or Mattioli.

[ROORDA VAN EYSINGA, Sicco (1825-1887)]
Uit het leven van Koning Gorilla.
[The Hague, B.Liebers 1887.]
16p. including front cover with woodcut illustration of a crowned gorilla. Front cover detached and margins frayed. Bookplate to verso of front cover. Printed on poor paper as always. (#29221)
€ 150

A notorious lampoon against William III, King of Holland (1849-1890), disreputable for his autocratic, hot-tempered and unreasonable character and immoral behaviour.
It is usually attributed to Sicco Roorda van Eysinga, who had been an army officer and engineer in the Dutch East Indies. Much like his contemporary and fellow-countryman Multatuli he came into conflict with the Dutch-East-Indian authorities and returned to Holland in 1864. His further life he was a radical journalist involved in the Dutch socialist, anarchist and freethinking movement, and, particularly after his removal to Switzerland in 1872, also influenced by or in relation with foreign socialist and libertarian thinkers like Proudhon, Kropotkin and Elie Reclus. Roorda never considered himself a socialist and is usually typified as an independent libertarian. He much pitied the fate of the working classes, he was anti-church, anti-colonial, anti-state and, vide the present publication, anti-monarchy.
*BWSAN VIII, p.225-8.

RUSSELL, Bertrand (1872-1970)
Power. A new social analysis.
London, George Allen & Unwin Ltd [1938].
328p. Orig. blue cloth, back lettered gilt, top edge blue, fore edge untrimmed, with the unclipped dust jacket printed on both sides, back panel of jacket with light wear. Name on front free endpaper. (#18565)
€ 350

First edition. ‘A new book from the brilliant pen of Bertrand Russell is a literary event, and Power is likely to be acclaimed as the most important work he has produced for some years. His purpose here is to prove that the fundamental concept in social science is Power, in the same sense in which Energy is the fundamental concept in physics.'

SCHLETTWEIN, Johann August (1731-1802)
Les moyens d'arreter la misere publique et d'acquitter les dettes des etats.
Carolsrouhe [Paris], Michel Macklot 1772.
Small 8vo. 96p. With engraved allegorical vignette on pages 3 and 5, and tail piece on page 6. Uncut in contemp. decorated boards. First leaves a bit yellowed, stain in margin of 2 or 3 leaves. An old hand added his(?) name to the first paste down, and used the margins of the title, verso and page 3 to repeat the author's name and the title etc. Still an unsophisticated good copy. (#23523)
€ 950

First (only) edition. Schlettwein was the major representative of physiocracy in Germany. He had studied 'cameralistic sciences' in Jena and initially held orthodox mercantilist ideas. His interest in physiocracy aroused when he entered in 1770 into the service of the margrave Karl Friedrich von Baden-Durlach. The margrave entrusted him with the introduction of reforms based upon the new principles in the village of Dietlingen (near Durlach), where he among other things abolished serfdom and the guild system.
This is his only book written in French, according to a notice at the end finished in August 1771 in Paris, where he had gone in the company of the margrave to meet the 'économistes' personally. The next year he left the service of the margrave and went to Basle where he helped his friend Isaac Iselin with the publishing of the important physiocratic journal Ephemeriden der Menschheit. In 1777 he was honoured with a professorship at the newly founded Oekonomische Fakultät in Giessen which he held unto 1785.
*Kress 6899. Palgrave III,p.361. Schumpeter p.227.

SCHMIDT VON DANZIG.
Die Erbschaft des Vereins. Rede über die Aufgabe der Handwerkervereine, gesprochen im Berliner Handwerker-Vereine (Johannisstr. 4).
Berlin, Verlag von Veit und Comp. 1848.
16mo. [II],57,[1]p. Unopened in orig. printed wrappers. (#18465)
€ 350

First (only) edition. A speech delivered for the members of the Berlin Laborer Association on New Year's Day 1848. New Year's Eve he had a vision about the future of the Association and humanity. Through education, clarity and decisiveness of mind and energy of the working class society would make progress, but beware of the ‘sickness of modern times', the unrestricted freedom of trade.
*Stamhammer, Socialismus I,p.230. This was reprinted in 2022 by Walter de Gruyter.

SMITH, Adam (1723-1790)
Theorie der sittlichen Gefühle. Uebersetzt, vorgeredet, und hin und wieder kommentirt von Ludwig Theobul Kosegarten. [And:] Zweyter Band, welcher die Zusäzze zur sechsten Ausgabe enthält.
Leipzig, in der Gräffschen Buchhandlung 1791-95.
2 volumes in 1. [XXXII],463,[1 advert.], VIII,248,[1 errata]p. Contemp. boards, red edges, rubbed, corners and edges worn, back with part of covering paper gone. From the library of the German classicist Friedrich August Menke, with his name on front free endpaper. (#31736)
€ 2250

First edition of the second translation of Smith's Theory of moral sentiments, rare with the almost always lacking second volume. This translation was made after the sixth and final lifetime edition of 1790, which appeared a few months before Smith's death and includes substantial improvements and his last views on many specific points.
A first (incomplete) German translation appeared in 1770, done by Christian Günther Rautenberg after the third edition of 1767.
*Kress B.2212. Vanderblue p.42.

THOMPSON, William (1775-1833)
Appeal of one half the human race, women, against the pretensions of the other half, men, to retain them in political, and thence in civil and domestic, slavery; in reply to a paragraph of Mr. Mill's celebrated ‘Article on government'.
London, printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green 1825.
XVI,221,[3]p. Contemp. cloth-backed drab boards, back with remainders of printed label, boards show wear and dampstaining. Bookplate to front pastedown. Generally clean with faint dampstaining to lower part and faint brownimg to upper outer corner of last leaves. (#20799)
€ 3750

First edition. A feminist classic, the most significant work on the subject between the publication of Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the rights of women (1792) and John Stuart Mill's Subjection of women.
It was a reply to an Article on government in the Encyclopaedia Britannica by James Mill in which he denied all political rights of women. Mill had stated that ‘all those individuals whose interests are indisputably included in those of other individuals may be struck off from political rights without inconvenience ... in this light also women may be regarded, the interest of almost all of whom is involved either in that of their fathers, or in that of their husbands' (quoted on the title page).
It was written in cooperation with Thompson's intimate friend Anna Wheeler (c.1780-1848), an Irish born feminist and socialist, who was befriended with a.o. Robert Owen, Jeremy Bentham and Frances Wright, and during her stay in France had met with a.o. Flora Tristan, Henri Saint-Simon and Charles Fourier, and had translated several of their works.
The book starts with an ‘Introductory letter to Mrs. Wheeler' which begins with the ‘Object of [this] letter: to acknowledge to whom the sentiments of the succeeding pages belong'. The book ends with a ‘Concluding address to women' which begins with an appeal ‘Women of England! Women, in whatever country ye breathe, degraded - awake!'
Bookplate of the Australian journalist W.P.Hurst (1873-1955).
*Goldsmiths' 24707.

TINBERGEN, Jan (1903-1994)
Vérification statistique des théories économiques.
Genève, Société des Nations, Service d'études économique 1939
2 volumes. 178; 267p. With folding table and folding appendix. Orig. printed wrappers. Vague stamp (‘Service de presse') on front cover of second volume. (#19689)
€ 375

First edition. Published simultaneously in English under the title Statistical testing of business cycles theories. The project on business cycles initiated by the League of Nations consisted of two parts. The first was carried out by Haberler, who discussed 'verbally' various business cycles theories in his Prosperity and depression. The second part was an attempt to quantificate the theories and was carried out by Tinbergen and published in the present two volumes. The first volume presents an exposition of the appropriate statistical method, the second volume an application of this method on United States business cycles in the 1920's.
1. Une méthode et son application au mouvement des investissements. 2. Les cycles économiques aux Etats-Unis d'Amérique de 1919 à 1932.
*New Palgrave IV,p.653.

A classic of international law that greatly influenced the thinking of the framers of the American constitution

VATTEL, Emer (Emmerich) de (1714-1767)
Le droit des gens, ou principes de la loi naturelle, appliqués à la conduite & aux affaires des nations & des souverains.
A Londres [but Neuchâtel] 1758.
2 volumes in 1. 4to. XXVI,[26 table of contents],541; [IV],[16 table of contents],375,[1 errata]p. Contemp. calf, back richly gilt with orange label, red edges, foot (ca.15 mm) of back with stabilized defect. A fresh copy. (#30363)
€ 2000

First edition. A classic of international law, reprinted many times (including a Leiden edition published later the same year) including translations into English and particularly popular in America. The author was a jurist and diplomat from Neuchâtel, influenced by Wolff, Leibniz and Hugo Grotius.
'No writer on the law of nations before Vattel had so consistently - and persistently - emphasized freedom, independence, and interdependence as the condition of states in their relations with one another. The authors of the American Declaration would soon adopt his repeated insistence that states were "free and independent" as the conception of their own states' condition. By doing so, they enacted Vattel's central contention that - in the words of his contemporary English translator - "independence is ever necessary to each state"; to secure that independence "it is sufficient that nations conform to what is required of them by the natural and general society, established among all mankind." In due course, this would become the standard modern definition in international law of independence as "the capacity to enter into relations with other states." It was no coincidence that the conception of statehood as independence found in the Declaration of Independence resembled Vattel's so closely ' (David Armitage, The Declaration of Independence: A global history, p.39-40).

WALRAS, Léon (1834-1910)
Les associations populaires de consommation, de production et de crédit. Leçons publiques faites a Paris en janvier et février 1865.
Paris, Dentu 1865.
Small 8vo. XXIII,[1],222,[3]p. Uncut in orig. printed wrappers. Faint brown stain in outer margins of a few preliminary pages and faint damp stain in outer margins of last pages. A fine copy. (#31184)
€ 3000

First edition. Having abandoned his studies at the Ecole des Mines in Paris Walras agreed to his father's request to devote himself to the study of economics. He became a journalist for the Journal des économistes and La Presse and published a philosophical refutation of the economic doctrines of Proudhon (L'Economie politique et la justice, 1860). In 1865 he became managing director of a cooperative association bank (the Caisse d‘escompte des Associations populaires) and gave the present public lectures on social topics. From 1866 to 1868 Walras published together with Léon Say Le travail. Organe international des intérêts de la classe laborieuse, a journal largely devoted to the cooperative movement.
*Einaudi 5962. New Palgrave IV,p.852.

The foundation of the modern theory of general economic equilibrium

WALRAS, Léon (1834-1910)
Eléments d'économie politique pure ou théorie de la richesse sociale.
Lausanne, imprimerie L.Corbaz, Paris, Guillaumin, Bale, H.Georg 1874[-1877].
2 parts in 1 volume. VIII,208p, p.[209]-407. With 15 figures on 3 folding tables (table 3 loose). Early twentieth-century half cloth, little rubbed and slightly stained, back with gilt-lettered label, marbled sides, new endpapers, nr in ink on front free endpaper. (#30902)
€ 20000

First edition, rare particularly with the second part published in 1877. Walras' most important book in which he exposed the general equilibrium theory. The first part deals with the theory of exchange, the second with the theory of production.
‘Jevons' Theory of political economy (1871) was not well received when it appeared, but it was read. Menger's Principles of economics (1871) was both read and well received, at least in his own country. But Walras' two-part Elements of pure economics (1844-77) was monstrously neglected everywhere despite his infatigable efforts to get the book noticed. That was in part because Walras set himself a task that went beyond Jevons and Menger, his co-discoverers of marginal utility theory, namely, to write down and solve the first multi-equational model of general equilibrium in all markets. In addition, Walras went far beyond Jevons in employing a mathematical model of exposition, and this was enough to scare off most of his contemporary readers. But wheras Jevons and Menger are now regarded as historical landmarks, rarely read purely for their own sake, posthumous appreciation of Walras's monumental achievement has grown so markedly since the 1930s that he may now be the most widely-raed nineteenth-century economist after Ricardo and Marx.'
A second edition revised and enlarged edition appeared 1889.
*Einaudi 5965. Mattioli 3796. M.Blaug, Great economists before Keynes, p.262.

WITTGENSTEIN, Ludwig (1889-1951)
Remarks on the foundations of mathematics. Bemerkungen über die Grundlagen der Mathematik. Edited by/ Herausgeben und bearbeitet von G.H. von Wright, R.Rhees, G.E.M. Anscombe. Translated by G.E.M. Anscombe.
Oxford, Basil Blackwell 1956.
XIX [+XIXe], 196 [+196e], 197-204p. Orig. blue cloth, back lettered gilt, with unclipped dustjacket. Jacket little frayed at extremities, back panel discoulourd. (#19701)
€ 350

First edition, first printing. The second volume of Wittgenstein's posthumously published works, compiled from extensive manuscripts on the philosophy of mathematics, written between 1937 and 1944. A bilingual edition with the original German text on the versos and the English translation on the rectos.